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Geometry / Polygons

Geometry Reference

Polygons

Polygon angle problems usually ask us to connect the number of sides, the sum of the interior angles, one interior angle, or one exterior angle.

Fact Table

QuestionUseReminder
Sum of interior angles.$(n-2)180^\circ$Works for any polygon with $n$ sides.
One interior angle of a regular polygon.$\frac{(n-2)180^\circ}{n}$Regular means all sides and angles match.
Sum of exterior angles.$360^\circ$Use one exterior angle at each vertex.
One exterior angle of a regular polygon.$\frac{360^\circ}{n}$Interior and exterior angles are supplementary.
Number of sides from exterior angle.$n=\frac{360^\circ}{\text{exterior angle}}$Often the fastest route.

Content Formulas

Interior Sum
$$S=(n-2)180^\circ$$
Regular Interior Angle
$$I=\frac{(n-2)180^\circ}{n}$$
Exterior Sum
$$E_{\text{sum}}=360^\circ$$
Regular Exterior Angle
$$E=\frac{360^\circ}{n}$$
If one regular interior angle is given, the matching exterior angle is $180^\circ-I$. Then use $n=\frac{360^\circ}{E}$.

Classic Examples

Interior Angle Sum

Find the sum of the interior angles of a 12-sided polygon.

Geometry MoveUse the interior sum formula with $n=12$.
$$S=(n-2)180^\circ$$ $$=(12-2)180^\circ$$ $$=1800^\circ$$

Number of Sides

A regular polygon has each exterior angle equal to $24^\circ$. How many sides does it have?

Geometry MoveExterior angles of a polygon add to $360^\circ$.
$$n=\frac{360^\circ}{24^\circ}$$ $$=15$$

Interior Angle to Sides

Each interior angle of a regular polygon is $150^\circ$. Find the number of sides.

Geometry MoveConvert the interior angle to an exterior angle first.
$$E=180^\circ-150^\circ$$ $$=30^\circ$$ $$n=\frac{360^\circ}{30^\circ}$$ $$=12$$